Written by the English poet, playwright and actor William Shakespeare (26April 1564 (baptized) – 23 April 1616); Richard III is a historical play, written approximately in 1592. It depicts the Machiavellian rise to power and subsequent short reign of Richard III of England (2 October 1452 – 22 August 1485). The reputation of Shakespeare’s as the greatest writer in the English language began during the 18th century, where a quarter of plays performed on London stage were by him. The 18th century and 19th century also began the age of star actors and actresses like David Garrick, John Phillip Kemble and Sarah Siddons, whose Shakespearean performances led to great critical fame.