Inspired by the centuries growing radical idea and the financial conditions of the poor, the French Revolution from 1789 until 1799 saw the end of absolute monarchy in France, the terror of the guillotine, the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte and a global conflict  that extended from the Caribbean to the Middle East. These headless portraits testify to the juxtaposition of ideals and brutality seen during the period. Marie-Jeanne Phlippon Roland, better known as Madame Roland (17 March 1754 – 8 November 1793), was an influential member of the Girondist faction during the French Revolution. On 8 November 1793, she was conveyed to the guillotine. Before placing her head on the block, she bowed before the clay statue of Liberty in the Place de la Révolution, uttering the famous remark for which she is remembered: O Liberté, que de crimes on commet en ton nom! (Oh Liberty, what crimes are committed in thy name!).